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back | nextGentoo switches to Python 3.8
With this change Gentoo replaces the current Python 3.7 with 3.8. Unfortunately this makes your next
Or try changed USE flags only, which may give better results:
This will switch existing packages to use 3.8 instead of 3.7. After that tell the system that it should prefer 3.8:
Update: eselect-python is now gone. Directly edit
If the world update still complains about conflicts then there are installed packages that have no python 3.8 support. Uninstalling them and depclean may be an option, or ignoring the dependency.
To find remaining packages that still have a python3_7 useflag that prevents depcleaning 3.7:
emerge session a bit more interesting.emerge -uvD world may complain that it wants python 3.7 USE flags# required by @world (argument) >=dev-python/setuptools-50.3.0 python_targets_python3_7and that there are conflicts
dev-python/pygobject:3 (dev-python/pygobject-3.36.1-r1:3/3::gentoo, installed) USE="cairo -examples -test" ABI_X86="(64)" PYTHON_TARGETS="python3_7 -python3_6 -python3_8 -python3_9" pulled in by ... (dev-python/pygobject-3.36.1-r1:3/3::gentoo, ebuild scheduled for merge) USE="cairo -examples -test" ABI_X86="(64)" PYTHON_TARGETS="python3_8 -python3_6 -python3_7 -python3_9" pulled in by...In that case first rebuild packages with new USE flags:
emerge -N1avD worldOr try changed USE flags only, which may give better results:
emerge -U1avD worldThis will switch existing packages to use 3.8 instead of 3.7. After that tell the system that it should prefer 3.8:
eselect python set --python3 python3.8Update: eselect-python is now gone. Directly edit
/etc/python-exec/python-exec.confIf the world update still complains about conflicts then there are installed packages that have no python 3.8 support. Uninstalling them and depclean may be an option, or ignoring the dependency.
To find remaining packages that still have a python3_7 useflag that prevents depcleaning 3.7:
find /var/db/pkg -name USE | xargs grep python3_7Add comment
Gentoo removes /lib32
For a long time Gentoo had this exotic layout (same for /usr/lib32):
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 5 Aug 31 09:59 lib -> lib64 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 31 09:59 lib32 drwxr-xr-x 15 root root 12288 Oct 15 18:06 lib64
This is now changing to what most other distros are doing:
drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 4096 Nov 9 11:45 lib drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 12288 Nov 11 09:28 lib64
/lib32 becomes the new /lib and /lib64 hold only 64bit specific files. All generic files now go into /lib (and no longer /lib64). Nobody hard-wires /lib32 anymore.
The migration is pretty smooth with the app-portage/unsymlink-lib utility. On all my systems it was enough to do this:
emerge -1v app-portage/unsymlink-lib unsymlink-lib --analyze # check the output for orphaned files and clean up, run analyze again unsymlink-lib --migrate unsymlink-lib --finish eselect profile set 1 (or whatever you chose) emerge -1av gcc emerge -1av libtool binutils source /etc/profile emerge -1av glibc sandbox # check for remaining packages emerge -1pvD /lib32 /usr/lib32 /usr/lib/llvm/*/lib32
I encountered only some small catches:
1. If you maintain a binhost (one that builds and serves binary packages for others), make sure to also rebuild sys-apps/baselayout.2. If you install from a binhost, make sure that the binhost is migrated first, and that all clients migrate away from /lib32 immediately. Never let a new client (no /lib32) update from an old binhost (with /lib32).
3. The ancient app-emulation/emul-linux-x86-compat has /lib32 and /usr/lib32 files but is not available anymore. This forced me to keep the symlink
/lib32 -> /lib on these servers (they run old Oracle versions).4. nagios-core's CGI binaries move from /usr/lib to /usr/lib64 and their path is referenced in the Apache configuration.
Kill idle TTYs
Here is a simple shell script to kill terminals that have been idle for a long time. You can identify such sessions in the IDLE column of the Linux
w command. This corresponds to the last modified date of the respective TTY device file.$ w 10:56:54 up 10 days, 23:54, 7 users, load average: 1.17, 1.10, 1.16 USER TTY LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT aron pts/0 10:56 1.00s 0.01s 0.01s w betty pts/4 Mi10 22:25m 0.02s 0.00s tail -F error.log cher pts/5 06:32 4:16m 0.04s 0.04s -bash dave pts/8 09:56 41:02 0.06s 0.05s vim config erin pts/9 08:26 2:26m 0.03s 0.03s -bash fritz pts/12 09:30 1:25m 0.03s 0.02s git server greg pts/13 10:47 9:26 0.32s 0.32s less +F -S --follow-name /var/log/messages
kill-idle:
#!/bin/bash
# Sends SIGHUP to TTYs which are idle for a defined time.
# Default is 8 hours.
# Syntax: kill-idle [idle-hours]
LIMIT=${1:-8}
T=$(mktemp)
NOW=$(stat -t "${T}" | awk '{ print $12}')
[ -z ${NOW} ] && exit 1
cd /dev
for TTY in pts/*; do
if [ "${TTY}" = "pts/ptmx" ]; then
continue
fi
# field 12 is "last access" which is the time of last write to the tty (last keypress)
MOD=$(stat -t "${TTY}" | awk '{ print $12}')
let AGO=$((NOW - MOD))
if [ ${AGO} -gt $((LIMIT*3600)) ]; then
pkill -HUP -t "${TTY}"
fi
done
rm "${T}"
Fix Eclipse wide fonts
If fonts in Eclipse and other GTK UI on Linux look too wide or too high or have too much padding around them, then check your GTK font settings! Using a different font may give you a much better layout.
Especially DejaVu Sans and Liberation Sans have a much lower height than Noto Sans for example.
~/.config/gtk-3.0/settings.ini:
Especially DejaVu Sans and Liberation Sans have a much lower height than Noto Sans for example.
~/.config/gtk-3.0/settings.ini:
gtk-font-name=Liberation Sans, 10
Make very sure Oracle uses async IO on Linux
A default installation of Oracle on Linux will use synchronous IO. You have to explicitly enable asynchronous IO by setting a parameter (sic!):
and restart Oracle. If you don't do that then synchronous IO during logfile switches / checkpoints will cause unnecessary waits: log file switch (checkpoint incomplete). At the same time Oracle DBW process will not saturate IO. Your DB will become barely usable during those times.
ALTER SYSTEM SET FILESYSTEMIO_OPTIONS=SETALL SCOPE=SPFILE;and restart Oracle. If you don't do that then synchronous IO during logfile switches / checkpoints will cause unnecessary waits: log file switch (checkpoint incomplete). At the same time Oracle DBW process will not saturate IO. Your DB will become barely usable during those times.
As this also enables direct writes (which circumvent the OS page cache) you must also ensure that the SGA size is close to the RAM size (70-80%). Do not enable the parameter above for small SGAs (< 4GB).
package.keywords becomes package.accept_keywords
As of
sys-apps/portage-2.3.89 Gentoo installations must rename /etc/portage/package.keywords to /etc/portage/package.accept_keywords.Relaying SIGINT signal to child processes
Here is a bash function (plus test program) that correctly relays important signals to child processes. So that pressing Ctrl-C reliably terminates both all child processes and the parent process.
- Delivers interrrupt signals also to parent process again (after removing signal handler)
- SIGPIPE is only sent to children
- Works for any number of child processes
- Does not work for SIGKILL (no signal is delivered to app in that case)
#!/bin/bash
relay() {
PIDS=""
for PID in $(pgrep -P $$); do
PIDS="${PIDS} ${PID}"
done
trap "kill -PIPE ${PIDS}" PIPE
PIDS="${PIDS} $$"
#echo "setting up traps to ${PIDS}"
trap "trap - HUP; kill -HUP ${PIDS}" HUP
trap "trap - INT; kill -INT ${PIDS}" INT
trap "trap - QUIT; kill -QUIT ${PIDS}" QUIT
trap "trap - TERM; kill -TERM ${PIDS}" TERM
}
(sleep 10; echo '1st subshell was not killed')&
relay $!
(sleep 10; echo '2nd subshell was not killed')&
relay $!
echo 'please hit Ctrl-C within 10s'
sleep 10
wait
echo 'main shell was not killed'
linux-5.5 mm looks very good
My tests with the upcoming Linux kernel are looking very promising. For me memory management issue has been improved a lot. In recent 5.x kernels the mm would trigger a lot of reclaim scans even with low memory pressure. For example on a 2GB laptop the Normal zone is quite small. Most memory is in the DMA32 zone. And those kernels would trigger reclaim and even swap when opening a browser or using gitk on the kernel repo. Even though there is still plenty of usable RAM.
With 5.5 this is resolved. Reclaim scans are rare again and swap is not used in these situations.
With 5.5 this is resolved. Reclaim scans are rare again and swap is not used in these situations.
Gentoo updating gcc, mpfr, mpc
When Gentoo updates gcc together with mpfr and mpc the normal emerge procedure will cause building of gcc twice. Because mpfr and mpc cause automatic rebuild of the (existing) gcc. But if you are going to update gcc anyway then this is utterly pointless waste of energy.
Instead you can
After gcc update don't forget to switch to the new compiler with
Instead you can
emerge --ignore-built-slot-operator-deps=y -1uav mpfr mpc first without doing the rebuild. This leaves you with a broken gcc maybe (but actually probably not because portage preserves the old library versions), but next you simply emerge -1uav gcc anyway.After gcc update don't forget to switch to the new compiler with
gcc-config and rebuild libtool.Gentoo replacing ntp, vixie-cron, man
Gentoo is cleaning out its closet. It has removed unmaintained upstream packages which were still popular: ntp, vixie-cron and man. Of course it's a logical step and using the modern replacements is rational.
For net-misc/ntp, use net-misc/ntpsec: This has way more robust configuration while eliminating ancient obscure features like traps.
For vixie-cron, use sys-process/cronie. It also itegrates anacron, so you get two in one.
For man, use man-db which is faster as it uses a BDB backend instead of text files.
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For net-misc/ntp, use net-misc/ntpsec: This has way more robust configuration while eliminating ancient obscure features like traps.
For vixie-cron, use sys-process/cronie. It also itegrates anacron, so you get two in one.
For man, use man-db which is faster as it uses a BDB backend instead of text files.